This guest post is brought to you by David Cantú Garcia.
What a man, he made all the John Wayne’s look like punks.
Papa Lalo, as I called him, was my father’s foster father and his baptismal
Padrino, but he was the only Grandpa I knew on my father’s side. Don Eulalio
Contreras Garza, my grandfather, was born in El Rancho de Los Solis’s outside
of La Grulla Texas in Starr County on February 12, 1876. His father Apolonio
Contreras Villarreal and his mother Demetria Garza Solis were descendants of
the original porciones grantees. Demetria Garza died on 30 Apr 1930 at Precinct
No 5, Starr, Texas, she died at the age of 82 years of age, her birth year is
1848, her birthplace was Ciudad Camargo, Tamaulipas, Mexico her father's name was
Nepomuceno Garza and her mother's name was Maria Eugenia Solis she was buried
at Solis’s Cemetery in La Grulla Texas on May 1st 1930
Papa Lalo stood more than six feet three inches tall,
straight as a wooden soldier. His eyes were a penetrating light brown, his hair
pitch black; even as an old man he still had a bounce in his step, a strong hand
shake and plenty of black hair. He had the face of a movie star and was well
versed in history and politics. He worked on his father's fields and properties
until 1895 when he built a blacksmith shop on family property at the old river
crossing at the contraband river crossing at Villarreales and Valadeces
Tamaulipas on the Mexican side of the river but he maintained his residence and
his own farming business properties in what is now Los Solis’s de La Grulla
Texas.
In 1897, that river frontage on the Rio Grande was a
contraband crossing from Valadeces to La Grulla where small appliances, dry
goods and other necessary goods would be traded back and forth. The crossing
could quite easily be negotiated by swimming across, by chalupa or on
horseback. I recall him saying that his blacksmith business would clear him as
much as five dollars per month and that much money was hard to come by during
the depression of that time.
He was a strong, versatile, easy-going workaholic. His
workdays were often sixteen hours or more. He spent most of this time over the
hot coal-fired forge and large anvil, hammering an edge on plows or horse shoes
and other items used in farming communities around on both sides of the river.
Business grew and he purchased an additional forge and anvil and in 1900 he
built a huge guest house to help feed and accommodate the travelers and farm
workers. He would welcome every one and became quite the politician. When I met him 47 years later we were calabaza
candy salesmen. Papa Lalo would make candy, barbacoa, chicharones and cabrito
in the back yard and he and I would go to La Grulla to sell our merchandize,
and he made me carry the money and make the sales pitch and handle the money
and the change. He made me feel like the most important and fortunate person in
the world. He made sure I would keep that feeling for the rest of my life.
On Sundays, he would load his farrier equipment and apply
his other trade: shoeing horses in surrounding communities. El Rancho de Los
Villarreales, el Rancho de Las Cuevas, or Camargo and Valadeces always had
several horses to be shod and one Sunday each month was spent at those places.
The money made on Sundays not only kept him in business, but also kept many
area farmers, ranchers and the local dairy in business supplying his needs.
Money was scarce, but credit was never refused at Papa Lalo’s shop. Most
payments were in the form of essentials, such as eggs, chickens, butter, hams,
fruit and garden produce. On more than one occasion, horses, calves and even
live hogs were delivered to his home as payment for his services.
Papa Lalos' 's shop was becoming a focal meeting point at
the river during the terrible turn of the century. People would come to the
crossing, drop off their various jobs and visit while their repairs were being
made. His Guesthouse had become a sort of social center. In time it became a
safe place for political discussion.
One historic event that Papa Lalo talked about was when in
1906 El Carnicero from San Miguel de Las Cuevas Abelino Mata, and Papa Meme came to see him to discuss a way in
which military merchandise could be crossed into Mexico. At that time
Revolutionaries were preparing for a revolution in Mexico and they were
organizing meetings with leaders in Tamaulipas. The revolutionaries needed
weapons and were willing to go to all means to obtain them.
The weapons would be acquired from sources in San Antonio
then passed over the Rio Grande River in boats at Papa Lalo’s Crossing from La
Grulla to Valadeces or Villarreales and from there the weapons would be taken
to the El Rancho San Vicente del Potrero to be delivered by mule drawn wagons
to points west and south.
This is where and how Papa Meme, Tio David, Papa Silverio,
and all of our great uncles and Papa Lalo met. Papa Meme worked for the Mexican
Government and patrolled the Mexican side of the river as a border agent from
Ciudad Rio Bravo, then called La Estación del Ebano, to Ciudad Mier. Papa Lalo
was now serving breakfast lunch and dinner at his Guest House (Casa de
Huéspedes) and Papa Meme would drop in from time to time to freshen up, enjoy a
warm meal and indulge in good coffee and good conversation.
More than once Papa Meme told me about participating in
meetings at the guesthouse discussing political subjects and sharing stories of
the Mexican Revolution with his friends such as the Flores Magon brothers and
others who motivated el Tio David and others to finally join the
Revolution. And I still choke up when I
recall how his eyes would swell up with tears when on occasion, he would tell
me of how armed gringos would fire upon on and commit bloody atrocities against
our people, especially in isolated rural areas. These brutal incidents against
U.S. citizens of Mexican descent would quickly prompt an aggressive counter
response from some quick tempered Tejanos, especially when the authorities
would side with the gringo criminals, and he would answer with their own
retaliation against the vile gringos and authorities. The result was a reign of
turmoil and violence in the lower Rio Grande valley marked by atrocities,
depredations, cruelty, and bloodshed, with the Texas Rangers establishing fear
and terror among the Tejano population in an effort to maintain Anglo-American
social control. According to him, it was a war.
The Rangers had become the vicious perpetrators of
Terrorism, violence and mayhem creating the only topic of discussion at Papa
Lalo’s Guesthouse. The summary executions of “meskins” as they were called by
Rangers were by no means, isolated events, nor were the Rangers the only
perpetrators. Local sheriffs and other gringo town officials, along with the
general Anglo populace, also became involved. Thousands of our ancestors fled
their lands in the United States for refuge in Mexico in the face of the Ranger
and Sheriff raids and the rampant gringo terrorism.
My Grandfather Lalo was an unofficial politician on both
sides of the border and over the years Papa Lalo had emerged as a leader in his
community on both sides of the river. A corrupt Porfirio Diaz dictatorship in
Mexico and the racist Ku Klux Klan Rangers in Texas made living outside the law
as a contrabandist a necessity and the only possible means of survival and
support. Contraband was simply commerce. He personally had been Godfather to
hundreds of new born babies that would be crossed over from Mexico and baptized
and registered on the north side off the river, he was everybody’s Padrino. He
was my father’s Padrino he was my Tia Nene’s Padrino and if I recall correctly
my Tia Lala is named after him. For the poorest of the poor Papa Lalo’s
guesthouse became their Ellis Island. Papa Lalo was a statue of liberty for
them, their entry to a better life if they could get beyond the border. His
hopes of economic and social advancement for his people were dashed by the
terror of the Anglo violence. In spite of his best efforts conducting meetings
and organizing Benevolent Associations, along with those who shared his views,
they soon became convinced that living in south Texas was living in a war zone.
At least that is the excuse that my Tio David Garcia gave when he announced
that he had sold his general store where Sam Fordyce now stands, was buying
horses and rifles, equipping a troop of jinetes and of to the revolution he
would go.
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